英语五种基础句子成分剖析(英语语法英语句子成分剖析)

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英语五种基础句子身分剖析?句子是按照必定的语法法则组成的,表白一个完整的意义一个句子个别由两局部形成,即主语局部和谓语局部,此两局部也叫做句子的重要身分句子的其次身分包含宾语,定语,状语,表语等句子身分是句子中起必定功能的组成局部,今日小编就来聊一聊对于英语五种基础句子身分剖析?接下来我们就一起去研讨一下吧!

英语五种基础句子身分剖析(英语语法英语句子成分分析)

英语五种基本句子成分分析

句子是按照必定的语法法则组成的,表白一个完整的意义。一个句子个别由两局部形成,即主语局部和谓语局部,此两局部也叫做句子的重要身分。句子的其次身分包含宾语,定语,状语,表语等。句子身分是句子中起必定功能的组成局部。

1)主语:是一句的主体,是全句陈述的工具,经常应用名词,数词或代词担负,个别放于句首。如:

Students study. (门生进修。)

We are friends.(我们是友人)

此两句话中单词students是个名词,we是代词,它们在句中做主语。

2)谓语:是对主语加以陈说,表现主语的行动或状况,经常应用动词大概动词词组担负,放在主语的前面。如:

Students study. (门生进修。)

We are friends. (我们是友人)

此两句话中单词study和are都是动词,study叫做实意动词,are叫做be动词,它们在句中作谓语。

3)宾语:表现行动的工具,常由名词大概代词担负。放在及物动词大概介词以后。如:

They are teachers. ( 他们是教师。)

I play with him. (我和他一起玩。)

此两句话中单词teachers是名词,单词him是带词,它们在句中作宾语。

4)定语:是用来阐明大概限度名词的身分,经常应用形容词大概相当于形容词的短语或从句担负。形容词放在名词之前,相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的前面。如:

This is a red sun.(此是个红太阳.)

He is a tall boy.(他是个高个子男孩。)

此两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词,它们作定语。

5)状语是用来阐明动词,形容词,副词或全体句子的身分。常由副词担负。润饰动词时能够放在动词之前,也能够放在动词以后;润饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如:

The students study hard. (此些门生进修尽力。)

I often write to him. (我常给他写信。)

The bag is too heavy. (此个书包太重了。)

此三句话中单词hard 和often润饰的都是动词,第三句话中单词too润饰的是形容词,它们都作状语。

6)表语:用来阐明主语的性质或状况。个别由名词大概形容词担负。如:This table is long. (此个桌子是长的。)

凡是情形下,主语和宾语前的身分是定语,谓语前的身分是状语,时光词作状语放在句子前面。句子的身分散布以下:

(定语) 主语 (状语) 谓语 (定语) 宾语 (状语)

如:(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.

(The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.

请剖析底下句子的构造说出各个身分

1)I have two elder sisters. (我有两个姐姐。)

2) They don&39;t swim very well.(他们泅水不太好。)

3) Do you go to school every day? (你天天去上学吗?)

4) I really want a cup of tea.(我真的想要一杯茶。)

5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.(史密斯师长教师教英语非常好。)

语法实在并不一些人想象的那末恐怖,实在里面有良多兴趣。

第一讲 英语句子身分

WARM-UP:1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people living in the country. 5)All the books on the desk over there.

以上此些情势都不能形成英语句子。

英语句子(sentence)=主语 谓语(中心:自动词)

英语句子身分歌


英语句子八呀八大块, 主谓宾表真呀实在在;

补语随着宾语表语跑, 定语同位(语)专把名词踹。

状语的地位它无拘无束, 忽右忽左为所欲为摆。

满身的弊病真呀真不少, 前后乱窜它还会加塞。(RAP)


I.八大身分的观点和形成

1.主语(名词代词形):句子的主体,是谓语陈说,阐明的工具。

If you want the rainbow you have to put up with the rain.

不经历风雨,怎样见彩虹。

The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching.

成功的法门在于从磨难起始,并要坚持不断磨难。

充任主语的情势:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)名词从句5)数词6)不定式7)-ing情势8)介词短语(少见)

情势主语(名词从句,不定式,动名词)(见第六讲主语和宾语)

2.谓语:表现主语的行动或停止的运动。

I have a dream.

You don’t always want what you need, or need what you want.

所需之物不一定皆所欲,所欲不一定皆所需。

谓语情势:动词(英语句子的灵魂)

3.宾语:行动或运动的工具,接受者或受影响者。

You don’t find opportunities…you make them.

你找不到机遇。你得去创造机遇。

You probably won’t hear opportunity knock if your television is always on.

如果你常开着电视,你就能够听不到机遇的敲门声。

充任宾语情势:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)名词从句5)数词6)不定式7)-ing情势

情势宾语(名词从句,不定式,动名词)(见第六讲主语和宾语)

4.表语:阐明主语的身份和情形。(跟在系动词后)

Time is money.

Three o’clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do.

你想做甚么事,三点钟老是太早或太迟。

形成情势:1)名词2)形容词3)代词4)数词5)不定式6)ing情势7)从前分词8)副词9)介词短语10)小品词11)名词从句

5.补语:补充阐明。(由动词种别来决议)

形成情势:1)名词2)代词3)形容词4)数词5)不定式6)-ing情势7)从前分词8)介词短语9)副词小品词10)名词从句

主语补语
Tom was made monitor.
宾语补语
I made Tom monitor.
表语补语
I am sure to succeed.


6. 定语:对名词性情势停止范畴限制。

7. This is beautiful music.

There are only two kinds of music…good and bad.

自古音乐分两种,好的和坏的。

形成情势:1)限制词2)形容词3)名词4)数词5)不定式6)-ing情势7)从前分词8)介词短语9)副词10)关联从句

8. 同位语:对被润饰工具停止补充阐明或越来越说明。

Puff, the magic dragon, lived by the sea.

形成情势:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)数词5)不定式6)-ing情势7)名词从句

9. 状语:润饰词,短语,从句和整句。地位:无拘无束。

1)润饰性状语:润饰动词,形容词,副词等(时光,所在,确定,否认,水平,频度,方法,随同,起因,目标,比拟等)。

Can you feel the love tonight?

Home never looks so good as when you come back from getting away from it.

只要出奔又回家时,家才最感亲热。

2)衔接性状语:衔接上下文(次序,递进,迁移转变,妥协,成果,推论,比拟)。

First comes spring, then summer.

I’ve never been to America, therefore I don’t know much about it.

3)批评性状语:润饰全体句子,表现说话人的看法或立场。

Frankly speaking, the food is not very good.

II.身分关联

1.补语随着宾语表语跑:

补语跟在宾语和表语的前面形成宾补和表补。把有宾补的句子酿成被动语态,则宾补就酿成了主补。

To love others makes us happy…to love ourselves makes us lonely.(宾补)

We are made happy to love others…we are made lonely to love ourselves.(主补)

爱他人使我们幸运,在本人使我们孤独。

2.定语,同位(语)专把名词踹:

定语,同位语润饰名词性情势

Experience is the best teacher.(被定语所润饰的情势为名词)

They are going to Melbourne, the beautiful city in southern Australia.(同位语所润饰的情势为名词)

3.谓语动词由状语润饰

When you reach for the stars, you may not quite get one, but you won’t come up with a handful of sand either.

你想摘下天上的星星,能够一个也摘不下;但也不会一无所得。

1、主语:
(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充任,阐明行动是“谁”收回的。如:The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典格斗。) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (辅助植物就是辅助人类。)

(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it取代,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语以后。如:It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途游览中能有个甲等坐位几乎太舒服了。) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身材倒霉。)

(3)书面语中常见主语或“主--系”省略:(It is) nothing. ((那)不甚么。)/ (It) doesn’t matter. ((那)不关联。) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。)

(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必需是代词:The man looks worried,doesn’t he? (此个人看上去很焦急不是吗?) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (山君是危险的植物不是吗?)

(5)祈使句个别省略主语。加主语时常常用来指定某个人。Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请坚持键盘的干净。) (省略了主语) / You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)

(6)主语个别在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾;倒装句及there be句型主语在动词以后。如:Computers are made in this factory. (计算机出产于此家工场。) / Where are they? (他们在哪儿?) / Does the boy like staying home? (此个男孩爱好呆在家里吗?)

(7)主语与谓语必需坚持单、奇数的一致, 而谓语与表语或宾语之间不此一请求。Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都不经由过程测验。) / The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people. (中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)

(8)主语能够由从句充任,详见“主语从句”。

2、谓语:
(1)由“不迭物动词”、“及物动词 宾语”或“系动词 表语”等形成,阐明主语所表现的人物“干甚么”或“怎样”。如:

He travelled in space for the first time.(他初次在太空游览。) / Who teaches you English this year?(本年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼曾经变坏。) /

(2)谓语动词必需反映出人称、单奇数、时态等信息,谓语动词常常由以下词语依序布列形成:[情态动词] [时态助动词] [语态助动词] [重要动词](不必定全体呈现)。(见动词的时态和语态形成表) 记着:谓语局部第一个动词常常是变形动词。如:

I am sorry I am making so much noise but I have to. (对不起我收回了太大的声音然而只能此样。) / He can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不能够读完了那本长达800页的小说。) / Something must be done to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (该采取措施避免

禽流感舒展。)

(3)谓语动词切忌用“行动动词1 本相动词”、“be 本相动词”。

记着应用以下准确情势:

①情态动词 本相动词。如:You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好温习此一课。)

②shall/ will/ would 本相动词。如:They should have been there once.(他们应当去过那儿。)

③be 当初分词大概从前分词。如:What are you doing this evening?(今晚你打举动当作甚么?)/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自从20世纪70年月大量树木被砍伐。)

④have 从前分词。如:Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(意义同上)

⑤个别时问句和否认句中:do/does/did 本相动词。如:He does not enjoy himself very much.(改日子过的欠好。)/ Did any of you see dinosaur eggs?(你们傍边有谁见过恐龙蛋吗?)

⑥行动动词1 行动动词2 (不定式、动名词、当初分词、从前分词等情势)。如:He made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主张要做个兽医。)/ Feeling good about yourself is essential to feeling good about life.(自负自爱是享用生活的基本。)/ They wake up the other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他们唤醒家庭的其余成员,吆喝着:圣诞快乐!)/ The kings of ancient Egypt had strong tombs built for themselves.(古代的埃及国王让人给他们本人建筑牢固的宅兆。)

(4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等自力作谓语,必需在此之前加连络动词。

(5)谓语动词单奇数情势:奇数情势的动词有:is,was,has,does和“动词 s”;奇数情势的动词有:are,were,have和动词本相。其余动词不分单、奇数。

谓语局部第一个动词的情势
奇数情势
奇数情势
个别当初时be(是)动词;

当初某些时态和语态的助动词be
am (单一); are (单二); is (单三);
are
个别从前时be(是)动词;

从前某些时态和语态的助动词be
was (单一); were (单二); was;(单三)
were

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